How does a pallet conveyor system work

The pallet conveyor system is an automated conveying equipment widely used in manufacturing, logistics warehousing, food processing, pharmaceutical production and other fields. It places materials on pallets and uses mechanical, electrical, pneumatic and other technologies to achieve automatic transmission, positioning, sorting, storage and other functions of materials. The working principle of the pallet conveyor system involves multiple key technologies and components, and its working principle will be explained in detail below.

1. Basic components of pallet conveyor system

A pallet conveyor system usually consists of the following main parts:

Pallet: A device used to carry materials, usually made of metal, plastic or composite materials, with standardized size and structure to facilitate transportation and positioning in the system.

Conveyor equipment: including conveyor belts, rollers, chains, slide rails, etc., used to move pallets from one location to another. Conveyor equipment can be selected in different types and configurations according to different application requirements.

Driving device: including motor, reducer, transmission shaft, etc., provides power for the conveying equipment to ensure that the pallet can move smoothly and efficiently.

Control system: including PLC (Programmable Logic Controller), sensors, human-machine interface (HMI), etc., used to monitor and control the operating status of the entire system and realize automated operation.

Auxiliary equipment: such as elevators, turntables, sorting devices, etc., used to realize special functions such as lifting, rotating, and sorting of pallets.

2. Working principle of pallet conveyor system

The working principle of the pallet conveyor system can be summarized in the following steps:

(1) Material loading

The material is first placed on a pallet. The pallet is usually designed to take into account the shape, weight and size of the material to ensure that the material remains stable during the transfer process. In some systems, the pallet may also be equipped with clamps or fixings to prevent the material from sliding or tipping during the movement.

(2) Pallet transmission

The pallet is placed on the conveyor, and the drive device starts to work, driving the conveyor to move the pallet in the system. According to different application requirements, the conveyor can take different forms, such as:

Conveyor belt: suitable for continuous transmission of light materials, with simple structure and smooth operation.

Roller conveyor: suitable for the transmission of heavier materials, the roller can rotate freely, reducing the friction between the pallet and the conveying equipment.

Chain conveyor: Suitable for situations where a large thrust is required. The chain moves the pallet by engaging the chain groove at the bottom of the pallet.

(3) Pallet positioning

During the pallet transmission process, the control system monitors the position and status of the pallet in real time through sensors. When the pallet reaches the specified position, the sensor will send a signal, and the control system will position the pallet according to the preset program. Positioning methods may include:

Mechanical positioning: The pallet is fixed in the specified position by mechanical stops or limiters.

Electrical positioning: The position of the pallet is precisely controlled by a servo motor or stepper motor to achieve high-precision positioning.